Frequently Asked Questions
Cardiology is a specialty involving the care of the cardiovascular system. The heart (cardia) is the most critical organ in the body. The transport vessels or vasculature are also part of the cardiovascular system. Stiffening of the arteries or blood vessels over time leads to high blood pressure.
The heart includes three main systems which include the electrical, mechanical, & plumbing systems similar to a house. The electrical system involves conduction through the heart to stimulate contraction or the pumping function of the heart to send blood to all the vital organs in the body. Arrhythmias or abnormal heart rhythms fall into the abnormal electrical category. Mechanical issues occur when the pumping function of the heart fails such as congestive heart failure or valvular problems of the heart. The valves are like doors which open and close thousands upon thousands of times even while you are reading this. Next is the plumbing system of the heart. The coronary arteries run on top of the heart to supply blood flow to the heart itself. If these coronary arteries become blocked, heart attacks occur.
A cardiologist is a specialized physician. After completing four years of undergraduate coursework, Dr. Anne Ford then spent four more years in medical school to become an MD.
Next, to care for complex patients and cover the entire intricate human body, a 3-year internal medicine residency is required. Afterwards comes a cardiovascular fellowship, which is highly competitive, and only a few spots are opened each year. These fellowships range from 2-4 years, and additional training is required to become an electrophysiologist or electrician of the heart.
Interventional cardiologists are the plumbers of the heart who insert stents or tubes to open up blocked arteries in acute heart attacks. A general cardiologist is analogous to the general contractor who makes the initial diagnosis and refers within the specialty.